{"id":"W3113053351","doi":"10.1029/2020jb020107","title":"Laboratory Experiments Contrasting Growth of Uniformly and Nonuniformly Spaced Hydraulic Fractures","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Fracture (geology); Geology; Mechanics; Hydraulic fracturing; Planar; Wellbore; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Physics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005556138,0.0001783851,0.0005744104,0.0002335011,0.0001029018,0.00006954231,0.0002972896,0.0000991279,0.00003850087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007369535,0.0001370989,0.0001604848,0.0005874687,0.0001808375,0.0003127101,0.00008611707,0.001023649,0.00001690276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002740829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001094361,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006379646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003352568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977773,0.0001353123,0.0005017849,0.0001494668,0.000975219,0.0004608827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982526,0.0003600181,0.0001412634,0.0001473056,0.0005513249,0.0005475287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009527397,0.0005489481,0.0037232,0.001713205,0.002424075,0.0006547087,0.0101762,0.09409022,0.870353,0.0002565263,0.007419124,0.007688091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002992779,0.002137526,0.06448606,0.0005209951,0.000128198,0.00002633557,0.001651694,0.1700446,0.7520542,0.0006427904,0.004701466,0.0006133952],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964442,0.0007145258,0.0009236754,0.0007498315,0.00005238907,0.0000900936,0.00001035273,0.00002804275,0.0009869223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986641,0.0002978844,0.0004080703,0.00009203588,0.0004776912,0.000001760622,0.000001583868,0.00002839334,0.00002852272],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1182988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5590732,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02236969039829987,"score_gpt":0.3048295802787002,"score_spread":0.2824598898804003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}