{"id":"W3117535463","doi":"10.1017/9781108571401.018","title":"Lower Bounds: Basic Ideas","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"Markov Chains and Monte Carlo Methods","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002421704,0.0006047962,0.0008277446,0.0001585496,0.0001949401,0.000067157,0.0006855093,0.0005752438,0.00001708243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001016483,0.0006922767,0.0005782407,0.00001150438,0.000238461,0.000070004,0.0006165428,0.0007980427,0.000002423474],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001652679,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000449685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004792419,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980383,0.00009837248,0.000320837,0.0007548942,0.0004191016,0.0003685105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978109,0.0003072502,0.000355254,0.0009446013,0.0002066552,0.0003753395],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001155284,0.00001132717,2.534425e-7,0.0002507463,0.0002020464,0.0007879985,0.00005045559,9.810728e-8,0.00003122895,0.8110244,0.1864773,0.001048694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006392791,0.00009110798,3.467468e-7,0.0002531354,0.0004920908,0.00001976561,0.00004027699,0.00004819924,0.0001367892,0.0006799966,0.9969043,0.0006947738],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006972359,0.0001698553,0.00402616,0.00005222183,0.0005898509,0.0005638733,0.0003195917,0.000316824,0.9938919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003009624,0.00007586395,0.0027938,0.0002487064,0.0003977512,0.000001174679,0.00003208057,0.0001397138,0.9960099],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.810427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05776252692409166,"score_gpt":0.2570475324058699,"score_spread":0.1992850054817782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}