{"id":"W3118751020","doi":"10.1038/s41588-020-00754-2","title":"Investigating the genetic architecture of noncognitive skills using GWAS-by-subtraction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Genetics","topic":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":297,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Aging; National Institutes of Health; Avera Institute for Human Genetics; Jacobs Foundation; ZonMw; Medical Research Council; Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Economic and Social Research Council; European Commission; Stichting Volksbond Rotterdam; AXA Research Fund; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; North Carolina Biotechnology Center; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Sage Foundation; University of Texas at Austin","keywords":"Genome-wide association study; Genetic architecture; Educational attainment; Cognition; Biology; Genetic association; Association (psychology); Behavioural genetics; Big Five personality traits; Genetics; Personality; Psychology; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Phenotype; Neuroscience; Genotype; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005531644,0.001695171,0.001167865,0.002566792,0.001092082,0.001871738,0.00147939,0.001265994,0.006254404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0121653,0.0007103826,0.003155033,0.003686593,0.0008159979,0.001034157,0.001482594,0.001618664,0.0006525372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003435377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000823965,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009137416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009446043,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9939963,0.002734847,0.0004806859,0.001758174,0.0006211418,0.000408766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911833,0.004927935,0.001237941,0.001789425,0.0005056058,0.000355872],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001601105,0.0001486401,0.9448991,0.0001795151,0.009455457,0.001084502,0.0003910175,0.001669256,0.01351904,0.00384325,0.00133181,0.02187727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002069307,0.0005506673,0.9629903,0.00006669445,0.00373847,0.002535481,0.000502829,0.01066997,0.004724724,0.009095145,0.00484989,0.00006897871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9571201,0.001391607,0.03473863,0.0006487392,0.0002172473,0.00007486701,0.002835075,0.0002883204,0.002685418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911103,0.0002652674,0.006547784,0.0001370721,0.00006139476,0.00004555762,0.0008164052,0.0001023781,0.0009138383],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009137416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02925444,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008837250089870172,"score_gpt":0.2811239648739625,"score_spread":0.2722867147840923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}