{"id":"W3119560447","doi":"10.1109/cdc42340.2020.9303784","title":"Undetectable Cyber Attacks on Communication Links in Multi-Agent Cyber-Physical Systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computer security; Covert; Adversary; Cyber-physical system; Cyber-attack; Cyberwarfare; Root cause; Computer network; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001719842,0.0002631057,0.0003068827,0.000684205,0.0006962092,0.00003279002,0.001029162,0.0001750204,0.0001067287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001169545,0.0003572751,0.0001268632,0.001241966,0.0001315445,0.0004456944,0.0005980192,0.001287237,0.0001035925],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00156048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007480858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001906406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001611322,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983031,0.0003190835,0.0001191156,0.0004219321,0.0003599137,0.0004768749],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988319,0.0001525741,0.00006642284,0.0007264113,0.00004672171,0.0001759968],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002749249,0.0006840619,0.003184898,0.0001302311,0.0001650613,0.0009717159,0.005293146,0.9689152,0.000718757,0.01087069,0.008473204,0.0003181432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003183844,0.0002425168,0.004379093,0.0001248047,0.0001013764,0.00001422819,0.03868621,0.1397053,0.0004065143,0.00001443259,0.8121713,0.0009704325],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797955,0.0002676935,0.001447525,0.0005674576,0.0006529851,0.0006036186,0.0002608826,0.0005308587,0.01587351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905053,0.0002587098,0.0002222997,0.00003583115,0.00003341683,6.687466e-7,0.0000934546,0.00002952855,0.008820728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8292099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01526336417605455,"score_gpt":0.1953367691564578,"score_spread":0.1800734049804032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}