{"id":"W3121238589","doi":"","title":"Tough on Terror, Short on Nuance: Identifying the Use of Force as a Basis for Excluding Resisters Seeking Refugee Status","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"International Law and Human Rights","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Refugee; Legislation; Politics; Law; Political science; Persecution; Context (archaeology); Convention; Government (linguistics); Criminology; Sociology; History","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005383439,0.0003861834,0.0003797913,0.001679598,0.01209384,0.01001791,0.001241949,0.00637915,0.002448691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01755963,0.0002893752,0.000380143,0.001028774,0.04251394,0.009672258,0.007704162,0.007328857,0.0005475419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003184098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004771827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01016491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01607697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943073,0.002826616,0.0002324583,0.0006479481,0.0008587947,0.00112693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960309,0.002310758,0.0005432617,0.0004382316,0.0003456613,0.0003312319],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004436052,0.00002571826,0.003358033,0.00004535407,0.000004765163,0.0005532043,0.08556111,0.0000420896,0.0004279202,0.8832331,0.008874995,0.01782939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004731522,0.0002485289,0.02016873,0.001394751,0.000044034,0.001672686,0.2421352,0.0005990244,0.002226199,0.320979,0.4103768,0.0001077769],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2724771,0.004589789,0.01468322,0.06320085,0.001194224,0.0002526843,0.0001057971,0.0000567815,0.6434397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9588258,0.0008322985,0.003106734,0.009360327,0.0001816194,0.0001719441,0.00004799158,0.00005134848,0.02742195],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01209384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02847064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1383172808725454,"score_gpt":0.377056921993642,"score_spread":0.2387396411210967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}