{"id":"W3121544993","doi":"","title":"Thinking Regionally: How to Improve Service Delivery in Canada’s Cities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"C.D. Howe Institute Commentary","topic":"Canadian Policy and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Metropolitan area; Corporate governance; Local government; Regional autonomy; Autonomy; Service (business); Service delivery framework; Regional science; Public administration; Business; Geography; Political science; Politics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002532963,0.0001311796,0.0001530199,0.00008198961,0.0004000449,0.00006885354,0.0005980349,0.00005098752,0.00006273522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009271455,0.000118433,0.0000329305,0.000261129,0.0001183374,0.000620165,0.0001316736,0.0001114518,0.00001446246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002828779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003073364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9977417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986008,0.00006647739,0.0001508549,0.0002456586,0.0004293128,0.0005069238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992304,0.0001295936,0.00007009742,0.0002347307,0.00005953772,0.0002755676],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003061476,0.0000138511,0.009718933,0.00001369001,0.0000199073,0.0001154846,0.005273813,0.000009447021,0.000157793,0.02110337,0.9486935,0.01484962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003426411,0.00001121617,0.007913728,0.0001568521,0.000004250367,0.000001403339,0.001804607,0.00000187347,0.0001160563,0.001120743,0.9883205,0.0002061277],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3072152,0.00009629277,0.00003203094,0.6880728,0.0009057359,0.0002061984,0.0002625834,0.00002020755,0.003188884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7711117,0.0001664634,0.0001452746,0.2260586,0.0005266044,0.00002464322,0.000006881025,0.00001033015,0.001949467],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4638965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7397159,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02265255490169237,"score_gpt":0.2420651707954615,"score_spread":0.2194126158937691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}