{"id":"W3121943306","doi":"","title":"Closing the Gap: Fiscal Imbalaces and Intergovernmental Transfers in Developed Federations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Closing (real estate); Fiscal federalism; Fiscal union; Fiscal policy; Economics; Macroeconomics; Fiscal year; Fiscal system; Fiscal imbalance; International economics; Political science; Economic policy; Finance; Decentralization; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001872589,0.0003676254,0.0007379632,0.0005412402,0.0003027168,0.0004685406,0.0006582453,0.0004527947,0.0001592468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000261744,0.000395892,0.0001693198,0.0001443108,0.0004543221,0.0002403093,0.0006878462,0.001768512,0.00004715872],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001464778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008994542,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003472016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002190006,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966025,0.0001253617,0.001303152,0.001062053,0.00006484484,0.0008420837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985831,0.0004334694,0.0002308807,0.0005883924,0.00001291008,0.0001512429],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004443799,0.001069156,0.6406074,0.0008737477,0.0006783285,0.00008710047,0.0171265,0.006187786,0.00005019119,0.1870757,0.001643798,0.144156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005084463,0.0003765723,0.394042,0.0006830142,0.00001850191,0.00006841447,0.006281991,0.1759926,0.000170654,0.3609692,0.05329133,0.003021293],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6652241,0.0005274927,0.00001020329,0.003404074,0.0003760457,0.0006498618,0.0003160854,0.00001871078,0.3294734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934217,0.004505667,0.0001767976,0.0003004586,0.0001969976,0.0002108615,0.00003136143,0.00006069882,0.001095493],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3283779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07529782571246511,"score_gpt":0.2900851373372295,"score_spread":0.2147873116247644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}