{"id":"W3121951084","doi":"","title":"Corruption, Public Expenditure, and Human Capital Accumulation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Human capital; Language change; Economics; Physical capital; Investment (military); Capital deepening; Capital Consumption Allowance; Capital (architecture); Distribution (mathematics); Monetary economics; Labour economics; Microeconomics; Financial capital; Capital formation; Market economy; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002559191,0.0002195875,0.0003449449,0.0005607447,0.000704919,0.0007744858,0.0005004437,0.0004991424,0.001903924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003236568,0.0002651473,0.00008222784,0.00007737045,0.0005034261,0.0003684187,0.0008298331,0.0009248034,0.0001044594],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001782068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008240387,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002130198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009718331,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973394,0.0003388651,0.0005705225,0.000761057,0.0002563941,0.0007337776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986464,0.0002182077,0.0002002637,0.0004483829,0.0001396145,0.0003470706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001946227,0.0001901844,0.1050692,0.00008421211,0.00008139297,0.000008271064,0.01786134,0.0004952903,0.00003810959,0.07038646,0.0003771571,0.8053889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001209298,0.00006678038,0.3559227,0.0001742453,0.000009028552,0.000005392868,0.02667714,0.001860637,0.000007215176,0.02555328,0.5871948,0.001319434],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8200617,0.00005062796,0.000002393078,0.001020214,0.0007255265,0.0007496308,0.00001099984,0.00005427971,0.1773246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849999,0.004001827,0.0001811013,0.00008121038,0.000418798,0.0002816165,0.0001207673,0.00003057092,0.009884235],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8040695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999801,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1129892106047819,"score_gpt":0.3899078534013449,"score_spread":0.276918642796563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}