{"id":"W3121989824","doi":"","title":"Value for Money: An Evaluation of Health Spending in Canada","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Global Health Care Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; Université Laval; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Life expectancy; Health spending; Per capita; Population; Population health; Health care; Economics; Demographic economics; Health economics; Medicine; Economic growth; Environmental health; Health insurance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005344253,0.0005857543,0.0009438661,0.007654457,0.002309938,0.003279116,0.001205346,0.000554477,0.002310126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0248242,0.0002431315,0.001852374,0.02067488,0.001057412,0.001230272,0.001589683,0.0009465078,0.0001393429],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1076669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.07821909,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9857282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.985661,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9894661,0.001551191,0.0005243217,0.000263101,0.006817481,0.001377748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9821791,0.002971457,0.001311607,0.0003183119,0.01189142,0.001328207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004170671,0.0007880522,0.7337121,0.003126801,0.003306862,0.0006919843,0.002617679,0.04168279,0.0005145324,0.02757343,0.04026634,0.1415489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003667876,0.0006859619,0.9306504,0.000773092,0.001281626,0.0002145329,0.004117381,0.0234812,0.0005895067,0.00166253,0.03596008,0.0002168936],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8554325,0.01162681,0.0008385415,0.00552207,0.000161782,0.0008526554,0.03840087,0.0000749233,0.08708983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838145,0.003206077,0.0009664354,0.0003086166,0.00003187523,0.0001861859,0.008585311,0.00003133784,0.00286965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8923331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7811818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08278872805585594,"score_gpt":0.464349012993021,"score_spread":0.3815602849371651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}