{"id":"W3122306211","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2021.100029","title":"Single-use plastic bag policies in the Southern African development community","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Challenges","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Association of Commonwealth Universities","keywords":"Business; Plastic bag; Enforcement; Plastic pollution; Tourism; Psychological intervention; Environmental planning; Public policy; Economic growth; Political science; Pollution; Geography; Economics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003200365,0.00021449,0.0001788802,0.0009458182,0.004158421,0.002200678,0.0006485626,0.001396579,0.003266882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005539899,0.0002327987,0.0001428124,0.001575359,0.002231612,0.001784941,0.00382146,0.001193405,0.00009095232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005970791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01387924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0318169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06015283,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981081,0.0006843119,0.00005705681,0.00009238528,0.0003002463,0.0007578219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967183,0.001015263,0.000670446,0.00006272215,0.0003463749,0.001186772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043138,0.001343088,0.213988,0.004512506,0.0001163341,0.009755564,0.1823309,0.003417462,0.0150655,0.08178633,0.02301463,0.4642384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001153959,0.0008405601,0.2558517,0.003305753,0.00007792062,0.001293933,0.357653,0.001621003,0.003714893,0.009731814,0.3656653,0.0001287482],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9526553,0.006376919,0.0003146124,0.0234697,0.0001057963,0.0001079176,0.00005296375,0.00001403187,0.01690275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992145,0.004065232,0.0004291692,0.001268094,0.00002853891,0.00004759427,0.00002024961,0.000003229806,0.001992843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0318169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06326342,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04382663922256788,"score_gpt":0.2036586328233819,"score_spread":0.159831993600814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}