{"id":"W3122497745","doi":"","title":"Gains to Research in the Presence of Intellectual Property Rights and Research Subsidies","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Intellectual property; Subsidy; Incentive; Investment (military); Economics; Canola; Empirical research; Property rights; Rate of return; Public economics; Business; Market economy; Microeconomics; Finance; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042852,0.0003082464,0.0008466625,0.001825934,0.0007337186,0.003641003,0.0005662271,0.001537775,0.01222032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02273787,0.0002165973,0.0005822989,0.00128233,0.002235414,0.00309675,0.002900172,0.0009924765,0.001220924],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001596936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00161089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008540961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001634499,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997099,0.0006795718,0.0002428112,0.000263595,0.0006096541,0.001105348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9726685,0.01207183,0.007233208,0.003312067,0.001819753,0.002894663],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006447898,0.001835862,0.3741349,0.001104385,0.0006103409,0.006576803,0.001595135,0.02272952,0.03250212,0.3796027,0.005447451,0.1674129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004019524,0.002815248,0.5308635,0.0001760779,0.0004892173,0.006160479,0.002623117,0.01239095,0.01169034,0.3866248,0.04565596,0.0001084363],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8900077,0.0008609216,0.002184187,0.002462125,0.00004491293,0.00004324151,0.000465081,0.00009250113,0.1038394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994749,0.0002450394,0.0004309245,0.0001115717,0.0000543937,0.00001299333,0.0001701559,0.00000533647,0.004220544],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01222032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04088104,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1316003763210436,"score_gpt":0.3276927566073414,"score_spread":0.1960923802862978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}