{"id":"W3122620555","doi":"10.3386/w16573","title":"Innovation and Foreign Ownership","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Foreign ownership; Industrial organization; Economics; Foreign direct investment","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001235826,0.0001829274,0.000455128,0.001255249,0.0002918101,0.001250168,0.0003501464,0.0004827153,0.009250201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007293212,0.00009582222,0.0004720436,0.002145858,0.0004530941,0.0008349184,0.0009077676,0.0005851137,0.0007728448],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005660542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004244077,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00990249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007424292,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991969,0.0001837655,0.00006262863,0.0002167717,0.0001224706,0.0002174075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9903023,0.003055451,0.004663462,0.00083255,0.0004345438,0.0007117206],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001059407,0.00008196496,0.9635535,0.00006279325,0.000212405,0.0002172723,0.0002812144,0.003436535,0.0001262008,0.004525363,0.002685285,0.02471151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005315784,0.000100837,0.9699972,0.0000887407,0.0001568827,0.0004327717,0.0006057532,0.003862506,0.0004097736,0.006801144,0.01746788,0.00002332442],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9778284,0.003339494,0.002062795,0.000927926,0.0000410742,0.00002544762,0.005945467,0.00003560918,0.009793947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925777,0.0006566155,0.0002311962,0.00006468886,0.00005575985,0.00001447564,0.003198857,0.000006740791,0.003193949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00990249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.030945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.499169989225112,"score_gpt":0.4350439722408022,"score_spread":0.06412601698430981,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}