{"id":"W3122693930","doi":"","title":"Risk Classification and Social Welfare","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Pooling; Adverse selection; Ignorance; Welfare; sort; Equity (law); Actuarial science; Public economics; Economics; Social Welfare; Regulatory focus theory; Microeconomics; Business; Computer science; Political science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002355441,0.0003083532,0.00070932,0.0007618443,0.000445588,0.0002338912,0.0005421711,0.0005769045,0.0001348961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001879143,0.0004141005,0.0001801568,0.0001366774,0.0002680374,0.0001649387,0.0008090201,0.001646261,0.00009306072],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008729283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000706128,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002813444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004186607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969206,0.00008306278,0.001015808,0.001183555,0.00007618807,0.0007208103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985009,0.00007900224,0.0005929917,0.0006832065,0.00005677237,0.00008711017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007938752,0.0002098163,0.1249551,0.000215072,0.0001160031,0.000009857031,0.001368053,0.0008351278,0.000001718902,0.2899461,0.000218579,0.5820452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005878264,0.00004050303,0.5397912,0.00002677436,0.00000617768,0.000001022268,0.00051773,0.00863095,0.000002207084,0.02430481,0.4255659,0.0005248882],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6960063,0.001076275,0.00003289937,0.004900864,0.0007105364,0.001066605,0.0007297008,0.00006099002,0.2954158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9690161,0.02793252,0.0003920115,0.00009541088,0.0005237454,0.0002599636,0.00009868003,0.00006357112,0.001617979],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5815203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04757529893147038,"score_gpt":0.2889813122741747,"score_spread":0.2414060133427043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}