{"id":"W3122878675","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1589130","title":"Management Quality and Equity Issue Characteristics: A Comparison of SEOs and IPOs","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Initial public offering; Equity (law); Business; Accounting; Quality (philosophy); Financial system; Finance; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00166801,0.0001106806,0.0003459146,0.002269508,0.0003619039,0.002190757,0.0002878752,0.0004672901,0.007494135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01731575,0.0001220945,0.0003006766,0.002561513,0.0005210618,0.001795459,0.001084894,0.0006181446,0.0005336707],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004198352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003206347,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002356323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003778993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991037,0.0001543928,0.0001260618,0.00009546031,0.0002837912,0.0002365312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9711545,0.006997534,0.01578158,0.0008345026,0.002471594,0.002760277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001986387,0.00009373227,0.9920697,0.0000131203,0.00004799769,0.00008714049,0.0004209074,0.00007314992,0.0003214532,0.0005321747,0.0002037474,0.005938237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009300646,0.0001159423,0.9973624,0.000008623892,0.00002155754,0.0001022253,0.001181672,0.0001581788,0.0001336999,0.0002819777,0.0006215774,0.000002841554],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959437,0.0001517302,0.0001647548,0.0001748974,0.000006904554,0.00001262368,0.0001561031,0.000004832131,0.003384444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999176,0.00006046337,0.00003676263,0.00003438934,0.00002046729,0.00000246222,0.000165741,0.000004082167,0.0004996946],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007494135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02507031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02463429506242561,"score_gpt":0.2976759465585068,"score_spread":0.2730416514960812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}