{"id":"W3123002806","doi":"10.3386/w19133","title":"Some Simple Economics of Crowdfunding","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Equity crowdfunding; Due diligence; Reputation; Information asymmetry; Equity (law); Seed money; Economics; Transaction cost; Business; Marketing; Public economics; Finance; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00234554,0.0005761758,0.000536777,0.001448126,0.001744129,0.004532567,0.00119221,0.003496083,0.01528085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007751582,0.0003760692,0.0007764169,0.0009124224,0.004773339,0.006132143,0.002355721,0.001934873,0.0009785555],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003470192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001471302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003209638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002006465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998818,0.0004459611,0.00004581101,0.0001987654,0.0002600551,0.0002313991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965418,0.002009271,0.0006121394,0.0002640841,0.0003302798,0.000242437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001237703,0.00002599142,0.0005301691,0.00003723966,0.000007297755,0.00009274411,0.00008759908,0.004610362,0.00008164953,0.98692,0.003713853,0.003880689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002369447,0.00002269099,0.000663083,0.00007857392,0.000007631557,0.00009118082,0.0001361677,0.006815218,0.00008255235,0.9762369,0.01582643,0.00001578211],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1307643,0.01104452,0.1640707,0.07343099,0.0006731321,0.0005286034,0.001481007,0.0002566929,0.61775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9366946,0.005533074,0.007513055,0.002060146,0.0008190632,0.000339401,0.00009710994,0.00004593742,0.04689768],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01528085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05111951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.260372802371523,"score_gpt":0.432850307222222,"score_spread":0.1724775048506989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}