{"id":"W3123022398","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v11n1p278","title":"The Perception in Saudi Learners of the English Bilabial Stops and the English Labio-Dental Fricatives","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of English Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perception; Pronunciation; Psychology; Meaning (existential); Articulation (sociology); Linguistics; Unconscious mind; Manner of articulation; Place of articulation; Vowel; Consonant","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006426448,0.0003966954,0.0002480193,0.0003352015,0.0003981371,0.001135633,0.0002383271,0.0004802677,0.002523259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002306791,0.0002077537,0.0002534887,0.0001117634,0.0006192072,0.0004352541,0.0005520549,0.0006004603,0.0006656459],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002875743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003436504,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009189395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01040883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996725,0.00007068372,0.0000356523,0.00003389789,0.0001235658,0.00006365306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980544,0.0003625095,0.0005082036,0.00008863428,0.0006097844,0.0003766236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002062734,0.0008624356,0.6028758,0.0002787576,0.00009834437,0.00224809,0.2094279,0.0001731458,0.1428248,0.0003614759,0.0005067757,0.03827981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006455315,0.002973564,0.7700109,0.00008752685,0.0001366997,0.003258856,0.2016849,0.0009233686,0.01682146,0.000218357,0.00373426,0.0000854037],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997355,0.00003162152,0.00002021986,0.00001640161,0.000001945643,0.000001191681,0.000003754315,8.193311e-7,0.0001885715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989026,0.0000796222,0.00006324644,0.00004054034,0.000001792949,0.000002893826,0.00001411135,0.000001979187,0.0008931528],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009189395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0182718,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01772856024934277,"score_gpt":0.3285363020287413,"score_spread":0.3108077417793985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}