{"id":"W3123099254","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2623805","title":"An Overview of Islamic Finance","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Islamic finance; Islam; Business; Financial system; Economics; Finance; Philosophy; Theology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001151246,0.0001248271,0.0002102842,0.0001222273,0.0001171368,0.00005584987,0.0003008598,0.00003913663,0.000008328933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004611545,0.0001042445,0.00007368293,0.0002956176,0.00004636407,0.0008440469,0.00004905066,0.0004846367,0.00006732019],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001466715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004024702,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002446718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000838905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983596,0.000009625185,0.0002394138,0.0001348768,0.0002279814,0.001028549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993529,0.000006734346,0.0002744328,0.0001582787,0.000206478,0.000001206991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002131177,0.00005367633,0.002390306,0.00002077246,0.00002900648,0.000002283624,0.0000572129,0.0000526151,0.00007403104,0.9665895,0.0007261725,0.02998312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005468012,0.00008603703,0.002531266,0.00006274243,0.00003732702,0.00002925824,0.0004119514,0.0002907088,0.00002233849,0.9878135,0.00801629,0.0001517367],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983433,0.01085707,0.0006010148,0.0005205446,0.0003486822,0.00006502808,4.929681e-7,0.00003159124,0.004142598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942822,0.003956412,0.00004909649,0.0003278205,0.000883112,0.000002125702,0.000002550121,0.00001629967,0.0004804233],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02983138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4250968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02711854296988788,"score_gpt":0.2656778820316506,"score_spread":0.2385593390617627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}