{"id":"W3123218790","doi":"10.3386/w9881","title":"The Effect of Schooling and Ability on Achievement Test Scores","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"School Choice and Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Test (biology); Psychology; Mathematics education; Achievement test; Econometrics; Statistics; Demographic economics; Mathematics; Economics; Standardized test; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006284292,0.0007109973,0.0007644799,0.003227997,0.0003929184,0.001601918,0.001231474,0.0008499475,0.01380494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0465248,0.0004627173,0.001980148,0.002851369,0.001852105,0.001541816,0.002080574,0.002790533,0.001797448],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001038102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009770492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01857021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01386654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9894547,0.005620636,0.0004779634,0.001402648,0.002264866,0.0007791623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8957312,0.08812822,0.008891013,0.004383832,0.001812475,0.001053387],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002920165,0.000256594,0.9338735,0.0001131069,0.0011588,0.0001405483,0.0003491021,0.007363733,0.0006405041,0.00895877,0.0007995352,0.04605385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002751582,0.0001755514,0.986239,0.00002769817,0.0002580873,0.00009037626,0.00009469942,0.005947387,0.0008952068,0.003920479,0.002294403,0.00002966908],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8901829,0.001944717,0.0721273,0.00237736,0.0001142199,0.0002249175,0.006438191,0.0005108246,0.02607964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847456,0.0004981855,0.00652819,0.0001500351,0.00009735132,0.00009963229,0.001577258,0.00006198073,0.006241659],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01857021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04618216,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.233147340714783,"score_gpt":0.5329974468118477,"score_spread":0.2998501060970648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}