{"id":"W3123246554","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3582182","title":"Immigration, Innovation, and Growth","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Dynamism; Immigration; Attractiveness; Demographic economics; Economic geography; Destinations; Variation (astronomy); Geography; Economics; Tourism","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006270043,0.0000894325,0.0002112629,0.0001557715,0.0001375944,0.00008671745,0.0001245037,0.00004278691,0.00006296936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000889127,0.00009574051,0.00006323565,0.000361547,0.00002659458,0.0002276102,0.00002143312,0.0004461943,0.0001056914],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001438426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001574171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000216379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001665511,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987246,0.000007159331,0.0004882821,0.0001991975,0.00002378494,0.0005569595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994994,0.0000110812,0.0002976707,0.00005788468,0.00007144061,0.00006252659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007799306,0.000007830188,0.03335251,0.00000205691,0.00008952382,3.779545e-7,0.0001062021,0.00001662169,0.00001132189,0.9652962,0.0002354533,0.0008740823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002918598,0.000103265,0.00352813,0.000001272472,0.000006322956,0.00002615588,0.0002028591,0.002940328,0.00001010602,0.9844347,0.008319016,0.0001360113],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7743615,0.005404762,0.1287979,0.08695058,0.0001155876,0.00009168266,0.00001535533,0.00002502494,0.00423762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925542,0.005186836,0.0001060158,0.001513878,0.0002720093,0.000002147898,0.00000755855,0.00001186101,0.0003454596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2181927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3904185,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01500259442130693,"score_gpt":0.1902409846984466,"score_spread":0.1752383902771397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}