{"id":"W3123370335","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3065986","title":"Do Airlines Pad Their Schedules?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Operations management; Computer science; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001516496,0.0001355526,0.0002826578,0.0001486628,0.0008642495,0.0003724219,0.0005365309,0.0001094159,0.0004155207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001383614,0.0001239642,0.0002234664,0.00007710739,0.00005461662,0.0004474069,0.00005176014,0.001150976,0.0003928317],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002606376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001961191,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005876197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001681812,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981795,0.00001347447,0.0004423426,0.0002321098,0.0000402413,0.001092331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985828,0.00001417263,0.0008195958,0.0004610479,0.00004693522,0.00007544344],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005652162,0.00003373859,0.1900323,0.000001017254,0.0001903651,0.000001175462,0.00002848533,0.00004157798,0.000001462343,0.7980961,0.00006050435,0.01150768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000573104,0.00007002789,0.0378488,0.00000856855,0.0000143802,0.0000510375,0.0003963754,0.0006089629,0.00002418851,0.9402388,0.01994687,0.0002188764],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8339896,0.02014172,0.06494641,0.01417617,0.001316064,0.0001240041,0.00007146026,0.00006437782,0.06517024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913254,0.003091138,0.00009798602,0.00007007483,0.000630788,0.000003208294,0.000004154806,0.00001646541,0.004760765],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1573359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6647196,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03766330259856004,"score_gpt":0.2538224915727161,"score_spread":0.2161591889741561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}