{"id":"W3123747552","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-053x.2012.01213.x","title":"What Drives Security Issuance Decisions: Market Timing, Pecking Order, or Both?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Financial Management","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pecking order; Market timing; Equity (law); Debt; Monetary economics; Business; Pecking order theory; Issuer; Order (exchange); Finance; Capital structure; Economics; Financial system; Initial public offering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005937786,0.0003776675,0.0003550365,0.0002236375,0.0004047627,0.000546602,0.0005512495,0.0001050416,0.001215952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002846984,0.0003405188,0.0001194986,0.001169027,0.00006678041,0.0051746,0.0005681754,0.0001963613,0.001030033],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007933893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002873192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001232271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002504921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997626,0.00001535307,0.0004584567,0.0005168573,0.000537883,0.000845465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987624,0.00006154927,0.0004425444,0.000574203,0.0001243144,0.00003504222],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005634453,0.0007725732,0.07313492,0.0006270907,0.00006387225,0.0002313733,0.0004491559,0.00006584776,0.0000119271,0.1076907,0.6003462,0.2160429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005962989,0.00001257669,0.2236799,0.0004694552,0.00005840155,0.0000019954,0.0002294753,0.0003325927,0.000006612138,0.003254627,0.7709378,0.0004202174],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7203122,0.009600394,0.02855968,0.004869679,0.02589926,0.004205939,0.00004400971,0.001258971,0.2052498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9628859,0.003424543,0.001815069,0.006511644,0.004469403,0.0002028737,0.0000281091,0.00008240171,0.02058005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2425736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999047,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02972999150292491,"score_gpt":0.2506850083094797,"score_spread":0.2209550168065547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}