{"id":"W3123901254","doi":"","title":"The Effects of Scale Differences on Inferences in Accounting Research: Coefficient Estimates, Tests of Incremental Association, and Relative Value Relevance","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Auditing, Earnings Management, Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Proxy (statistics); Econometrics; Inference; Statistic; Heteroscedasticity; Scale (ratio); Variable (mathematics); Mathematics; Statistics; Statistical inference; Variables; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.241126,0.001704046,0.002402196,0.008685185,0.002405496,0.007768086,0.003940003,0.003809943,0.004047289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.7701622,0.00130332,0.003119448,0.01483236,0.02170778,0.01775317,0.008940701,0.006262607,0.0009750294],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002420807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001541012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001906768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001555159,"domain_scores_codex":[0.6756834,0.2527484,0.01389645,0.0162192,0.03968759,0.001764989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.08849756,0.8410367,0.02671591,0.03563596,0.007584898,0.0005289893],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001086632,0.00026174,0.2058091,0.001850685,0.003552552,0.0007248262,0.00818708,0.01575434,0.001526893,0.3590322,0.006442685,0.3957714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002400927,0.0006040018,0.07535657,0.0008355089,0.001005771,0.0008929232,0.001893283,0.04619621,0.003534093,0.8624951,0.006653908,0.0002923162],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2463787,0.02106133,0.6798633,0.01475331,0.001198299,0.0006011759,0.0007782332,0.0007645945,0.03460101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9017084,0.002351488,0.09151771,0.001378905,0.001202505,0.0005425212,0.000309285,0.000207272,0.0007819804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.241126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9358267,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01941009780092342,"score_gpt":0.2855571055335732,"score_spread":0.2661470077326498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}