{"id":"W3123960406","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2872289","title":"Changes in the Characteristics of American Youth: Implications for Adult Outcomes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"School Choice and Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Political science; Demographic economics; Demography; Gerontology; Developmental psychology; Medicine; Economics; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001270108,0.0001703628,0.0002436641,0.001254014,0.001040104,0.001104491,0.0004710385,0.0006590849,0.003587988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004986162,0.0001186487,0.0003152439,0.001731137,0.0004740393,0.0007919517,0.0005304544,0.000857071,0.0003100641],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001032202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009720188,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04402617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04862523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995041,0.0001605801,0.00003574093,0.00008412205,0.0000832669,0.000132158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972881,0.0004096811,0.0008020999,0.0001118365,0.0005753326,0.0008129809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008748745,0.0001301938,0.9926003,0.000007974408,0.00001506569,0.00003934983,0.000516239,0.0000396504,0.0001395403,0.0001508706,0.0003124843,0.005960837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001230426,0.00002185191,0.9988887,0.000003262248,0.000003617132,0.00001745015,0.0007217275,0.00003822368,0.00004830894,0.00005902886,0.0001951056,0.000001681475],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960214,0.0003049115,0.0001098922,0.0005944433,0.00002665035,0.00001215133,0.0006379985,0.000006016988,0.002286642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989415,0.0001952729,0.00008929006,0.00006293452,0.00001771826,0.000008515945,0.0002995965,0.000003069274,0.000382077],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04402617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08753979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03394305219454902,"score_gpt":0.326845764267128,"score_spread":0.292902712072579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}