{"id":"W3123985161","doi":"10.1177/0148558x11409159","title":"Conflict of interest reforms and analysts’ research biases","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Hong Kong; Chulalongkorn University; City University of Hong Kong; Research Foundation of CFA Institute","keywords":"Earnings; Optimism; Profitability index; Stock (firearms); Investment decisions; Investment banking; Economics; Investment (military); Business; Monetary economics; Finance; Behavioral economics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.04215496,0.0001686897,0.0003250418,0.001830539,0.0007519879,0.003000706,0.0006820416,0.001206493,0.00144588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2479472,0.0001879838,0.0002580219,0.002058095,0.001364615,0.001637702,0.00124744,0.001656971,0.0002830391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002397032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001386592,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002681892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003671626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9643688,0.01948352,0.003704574,0.002304957,0.00864417,0.001494004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.5531784,0.2226004,0.1884169,0.01422259,0.01849478,0.003086884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"incentives","domain_candidate":"incentives","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001042263,0.0002017304,0.7280118,0.0003791857,0.0006187656,0.0005125341,0.01574492,0.002456733,0.002006376,0.0256406,0.01002296,0.2133621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000142372,0.0003032807,0.9222789,0.0005141497,0.0002224357,0.0009206227,0.008696892,0.004245499,0.004320268,0.02367324,0.03454259,0.0001397106],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9061947,0.007076317,0.007341212,0.02715678,0.0004322705,0.0002163676,0.0003782399,0.00004717398,0.05115683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964997,0.0005130558,0.0007215579,0.001425018,0.0001908392,0.00002686506,0.00005383828,0.000004396803,0.0005648403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9987935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2229394,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5062773339973566,"score_gpt":0.3751673594626508,"score_spread":0.1311099745347058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}