{"id":"W3124142953","doi":"","title":"Temporary Foreign Workers in Canada: Are They Really Filling Labour Shortages?","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"C.D. Howe Institute Commentary","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Economic shortage; Incentive; Labour economics; Unemployment; Productivity; Business; Economics; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001294152,0.0003175872,0.0005437728,0.001215414,0.01074615,0.003648543,0.001565658,0.001243474,0.01008984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004952671,0.0003903265,0.000503678,0.003274697,0.002649689,0.001630849,0.002207091,0.002248637,0.0006485785],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04496902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1386672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9938055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9976977,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978321,0.00009920354,0.00004870173,0.0001735617,0.0005429738,0.001303439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951439,0.0002853927,0.0005182739,0.00008200613,0.001658493,0.002311958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003581413,0.0001886657,0.660732,0.001052765,0.00009199435,0.001817633,0.02939304,0.0002444863,0.0005716165,0.008853037,0.1405601,0.1561365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004332792,0.00009380634,0.747923,0.001995497,0.0001023033,0.0005374419,0.1545376,0.000435076,0.0002359594,0.001520819,0.09244165,0.0001334329],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.8337052,0.01675303,0.0004829762,0.08482651,0.001185449,0.0001769576,0.005603143,0.00008184082,0.05718491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9621541,0.008972666,0.0004881139,0.01014641,0.0001522579,0.00005208833,0.001813345,0.00003829933,0.01618281],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04496902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3262746,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01959074037764621,"score_gpt":0.2572935099426621,"score_spread":0.2377027695650159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}