{"id":"W3124144170","doi":"10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.03.003","title":"The tradability of services: Geographic concentration and trade costs","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of International Economics","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Economics; Productivity; Tertiary sector of the economy; Welfare; Value (mathematics); Trade barrier; Service (business); Distribution (mathematics); Free trade; International economics; International trade; Business; Macroeconomics; Economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007006166,0.00009113126,0.0002899255,0.0000613941,0.0000373856,0.0000878751,0.0003357405,0.00006340462,0.00007926101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002979158,0.00008353541,0.0001509748,0.00003692111,0.00007456692,0.0004410382,0.00002740085,0.0001268428,0.00001580016],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001343792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000244461,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006950703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003982716,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986927,0.00001006131,0.001012509,0.0001377452,0.00002650084,0.0001204865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984359,0.0001303133,0.001191201,0.0001395967,0.00004404139,0.00005891901],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008876345,0.00004860587,0.6459901,0.00002082952,0.0002044057,4.602119e-7,0.0001308429,0.000570083,0.00003263067,0.3515175,0.00006228748,0.001333517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002840845,0.0003586578,0.7158833,0.00006906816,0.00002356689,0.0001126047,0.0008122593,0.03139191,0.0003583705,0.08390964,0.163886,0.0003538376],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883418,0.001626784,0.00004121873,0.002171041,0.001365728,0.00009216634,0.00008263678,0.000002494384,0.006276145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934295,0.005866871,0.0002798735,0.0002592919,0.0001177508,8.971976e-7,0.000004056978,0.000007815873,0.00003397529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2676079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3406475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01574600548558668,"score_gpt":0.1966086138558952,"score_spread":0.1808626083703085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}