{"id":"W3124253547","doi":"","title":"Railway Mergers and Railway Alliances: Competition Issues and Lessons for Other Network Industries","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Econstor (Econstor)","topic":"Transport and Economic Policies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Restructuring; Competition (biology); Business; Industrial organization; Process (computing); International trade; Economic geography; Market economy; Economics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005766877,0.000643237,0.0009852792,0.0002842058,0.0004611749,0.0006091699,0.0003226147,0.0005498507,0.000570823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004310829,0.0006875061,0.0001964677,0.0001201861,0.0005980415,0.0008251041,0.000159254,0.0004828817,0.00007388808],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007750162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001176146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001012329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002053188,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976178,0.00001834911,0.0007101142,0.0008534975,0.0001164246,0.0006838485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986506,0.0001210317,0.0006603095,0.0004095003,0.00009297321,0.00006556499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001463256,0.00009516714,0.7581525,0.001033406,0.0004737536,0.000007148072,0.0004394298,0.001139089,0.00002458329,0.1239994,0.1076049,0.006884316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001270805,0.00002507863,0.1294433,0.0007381656,0.0003163469,0.000005705757,0.0004447672,0.0008004195,0.00002752653,0.01488003,0.8507785,0.001269338],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.949425,0.00880708,0.0003710769,0.009036071,0.003479979,0.001258104,0.0002885133,0.0003844583,0.02694974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798614,0.001590595,0.001294593,0.004631647,0.008708572,0.0002641349,0.000437391,0.0001487553,0.003062866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7431736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995576,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03039301843993941,"score_gpt":0.2470345363366103,"score_spread":0.2166415178966709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}