{"id":"W3124276384","doi":"","title":"The Evolution of Education: A Macroeconomic Analysis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Educational attainment; Human capital; Life expectancy; Economics; Distribution (mathematics); Demographic economics; Population; Technological change; Economic growth; Demography; Sociology; Macroeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003779887,0.0003708275,0.001258055,0.001750535,0.0003653912,0.0001477981,0.001342021,0.0004852678,0.0001363142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000578274,0.0004201859,0.0006724614,0.0005608232,0.0007234042,0.0001904336,0.0008681575,0.001412678,0.00009867823],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003094444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001399574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001813318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001386624,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955517,0.0001757894,0.001948767,0.001422707,0.00006387146,0.0008371864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957152,0.000548542,0.001208924,0.002206374,0.0001328407,0.0001881014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002457246,0.0007672998,0.6839262,0.0003288367,0.002552509,0.000005109448,0.001102721,0.02641587,0.00001159331,0.1581271,0.0007867182,0.1257303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001306261,0.000202024,0.4092051,0.0001344981,0.0001265535,0.00002614443,0.001938673,0.04579463,0.0001083442,0.3416499,0.1975362,0.001971694],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7007213,0.00578138,0.00004658066,0.0008266849,0.001666916,0.0008706363,0.0003724822,0.00002825627,0.2896857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9688252,0.0256181,0.0003008145,0.00003277968,0.0003821966,0.000329027,0.0000768162,0.00005422105,0.004380875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2853049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03269536512157428,"score_gpt":0.2859493323042799,"score_spread":0.2532539671827056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}