{"id":"W3124848519","doi":"10.1039/d0sc06465c","title":"<i>N</i>-Heterocyclic carbene–carbodiimide (NHC–CDI) betaine adducts: synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Science","topic":"N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Chemistry; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; University of British Columbia; National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health; Newcastle University; University of Minnesota","keywords":"Carbodiimide; Carbene; Betaine; Adduct; Characterization (materials science); Chemistry; Combinatorial chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Catalysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002390294,0.0008600389,0.001812098,0.00009835267,0.000379543,0.0003491243,0.001796683,0.0006708729,0.0008808828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006176356,0.0007463048,0.0003504211,0.0009670192,0.001499498,0.0002695573,0.001273298,0.0008231367,0.00004682812],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007236684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007550563,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001162267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.548425e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951733,0.00002936039,0.001132149,0.001970666,0.0007893984,0.0009051031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967884,0.0002066571,0.0005592196,0.001636996,0.0002162205,0.0005924706],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001627552,0.00007956455,0.000005987085,0.007531264,0.00006277138,0.000006571086,0.00002703019,2.106002e-8,0.6427743,0.00004392622,0.00008223954,0.3493847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000808674,0.000001994995,3.714238e-7,0.003545353,0.0003647915,0.0002413367,0.00002219976,0.00000424852,0.3531636,0.000008922176,0.6419269,0.0006393893],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001744039,0.9938996,0.00003476764,0.0000668027,0.0001402052,0.0003626532,0.0002263359,0.0002315964,0.00329402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005087485,0.9917776,0.000116127,0.00008437951,0.00111125,0.0006549704,0.0005032762,0.0001261073,0.0005387924],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6418447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994988,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03236882287474112,"score_gpt":0.2652020568032836,"score_spread":0.2328332339285425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}