{"id":"W3125041810","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119986","title":"IFT or wettability alteration: What is more important for oil recovery in oil-wet formation?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Imbibition; Pulmonary surfactant; Wetting; Surface tension; Enhanced oil recovery; Petroleum engineering; Residual oil; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Water flooding; Geology; Thermodynamics; Botany; Germination; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002078707,0.0001529071,0.0002099147,0.00006742253,0.00003136863,0.0001338592,0.0001017349,0.0001164826,0.0003105446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001223034,0.0001513719,0.0000862676,0.0002174046,0.00001276007,0.001431134,0.00002875473,0.0001283612,0.00001308728],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001877127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005974064,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005832563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003666618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989586,0.00001822715,0.00044293,0.0002141898,0.0001311109,0.0002349289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993332,0.0001223177,0.00004884959,0.0003564379,0.00009298647,0.00004623374],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002844169,0.0003059781,0.001890473,0.007230342,0.0001370905,0.0001165267,0.005725319,0.006051289,0.01908446,0.0005126086,0.05214302,0.9065185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001814323,0.0002262114,0.002181057,0.001074677,0.0000437465,0.00008456623,0.001423687,0.08024184,0.6912196,0.01647544,0.2038784,0.001336465],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9027661,0.01404641,0.05097419,0.005631708,0.004490273,0.0007276823,0.0007203142,0.002566091,0.01807719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7120213,0.06852619,0.1907099,0.005756922,0.001166066,0.004376497,0.001459774,0.0003926634,0.01559069],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.905182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6172765,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01407584107064281,"score_gpt":0.2644415223711976,"score_spread":0.2503656813005548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}