{"id":"W3125294869","doi":"10.1787/235683015007","title":"Energy and Greenhouse Impacts of Biofuels: A Framework for Analysis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biofuel; Greenhouse gas; Natural resource economics; Land use; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Climate change; Resource (disambiguation); Environmental science; Environmental economics; Life-cycle assessment; Environmental resource management; Production (economics); Economics; Engineering; Waste management; Computer science; Civil engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007840184,0.003027276,0.001711145,0.004665546,0.0018814,0.007896507,0.003342195,0.00334418,0.006317609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006811205,0.0006749002,0.003077353,0.006103547,0.006814437,0.01028166,0.004135537,0.005298272,0.001239084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00450654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003031358,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009088218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004655514,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965127,0.001994072,0.0002150294,0.000300142,0.0007778071,0.0002002036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972485,0.001902513,0.0001748977,0.0002982391,0.0002739606,0.0001019539],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003527834,0.0000208706,0.0001553992,0.00009843575,0.00002045651,0.00004735226,0.00008182766,0.01460667,0.0001182125,0.9780424,0.001424562,0.005380259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002980017,0.000008036493,0.00009936324,0.0001182791,0.000009684019,0.00001938845,0.0001185025,0.01099522,0.0001122981,0.9635937,0.02491111,0.00001144406],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.004448523,0.02472348,0.8907638,0.01750609,0.0005609717,0.0003387485,0.001223042,0.0002183452,0.06021691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2673926,0.06079018,0.6432433,0.002908072,0.001933612,0.003079103,0.001517738,0.000517119,0.01861834],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009088218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04146338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01726470646884962,"score_gpt":0.2176010282534857,"score_spread":0.2003363217846361,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}