{"id":"W3125484123","doi":"10.15173/esr.v17i1.518","title":"Modelling Spot Prices in Deregulated Wholesale Electricity Markets: A Selected Empirical Review","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Studies Review","topic":"Electric Power System Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electricity; Restructuring; Deregulation; Volatility (finance); Electricity market; Spot contract; Economics; Industrial organization; Electricity retailing; Business; Financial economics; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Finance; Futures contract","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005876665,0.0003595241,0.001061772,0.0001613711,0.00005967385,0.000008231417,0.0002508635,0.00009250073,0.00007003541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001842711,0.000317237,0.0001074829,0.002975124,0.00002467719,0.0001678976,0.00004973834,0.0002091012,0.00001869417],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002713123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004273214,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003902056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004329846,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997804,0.0001666832,0.000910057,0.0003740388,0.0002473464,0.0004978114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990864,0.00008889812,0.0001493908,0.0003575983,0.0002414972,0.00007617267],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001217431,0.000969079,0.002598736,0.2893839,0.004859254,0.0003843435,0.00266487,0.1262098,0.0001119018,0.001672215,0.3440445,0.2269797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001537163,0.0002625003,0.001583058,0.1698474,0.001423859,0.0002099677,0.00004655661,0.5219584,0.001466771,0.0003685567,0.2979104,0.003385341],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005543637,0.9663693,0.02745826,0.0001146265,0.0001215299,0.0004755157,0.000001148082,0.0003710461,0.004534228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02536665,0.9709985,0.002578448,0.0005956267,0.00003150476,0.0002359853,0.00001576151,0.00005784709,0.0001196799],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3957486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05216892007799506,"score_gpt":0.2693709676224029,"score_spread":0.2172020475444078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}