{"id":"W3125658667","doi":"","title":"Assimilation via Prices or Quantities? Sources of Immigrant Earnings Growth in Australia, Canada and the United States","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Immigration; Census; Unemployment; Wage; Economics; Demographic economics; Assimilation (phonology); Labour economics; Geography; Population; Economic growth; Demography; Finance; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002964027,0.0001575111,0.0003542898,0.0003952047,0.0002164409,0.0001471682,0.0003995179,0.0002238372,0.00006232583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005266466,0.0001238108,0.00004558685,0.0003592957,0.0009052523,0.00008699454,0.0001813086,0.0007888094,2.533262e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005982608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001264271,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9784053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9974311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976047,0.0006915639,0.0005678655,0.0003404855,0.0003740828,0.000421356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979434,0.00124981,0.0003357438,0.0002059322,0.0001852345,0.00007987822],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000832467,0.0001591939,0.6892344,0.0005837487,0.0001429198,0.00003564703,0.1305208,0.1532472,0.0000112551,0.01576468,0.0003591444,0.009108569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003423692,0.0001344013,0.5434219,0.000689339,0.00003981261,0.000003413681,0.1058594,0.2873336,0.00006438749,0.01102777,0.04680543,0.001196833],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957711,0.00004078764,0.000006930266,0.001022356,0.00009577149,0.0005250511,0.00006238055,0.00000996593,0.002465632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887114,0.007296478,0.0001201641,0.00005384613,0.00005154617,0.00004856067,0.0001222014,0.00001482999,0.00358096],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1458126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5048859,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02809783352287265,"score_gpt":0.3155343902084075,"score_spread":0.2874365566855348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}