{"id":"W3125744857","doi":"10.3368/jhr.xxxviii.1.192","title":"Immigration Policy and the Skills of Immigrants to Australia, Canada, and the United States","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Human Resources","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Immigration policy; Demographic economics; Political science; Economics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008610241,0.0001038204,0.0001962695,0.001025318,0.003362444,0.002393247,0.0005543674,0.0009687819,0.005412888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01110325,0.0001125206,0.0001673389,0.001135898,0.002173854,0.0008827678,0.001563369,0.001382988,0.0004721313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005678318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01393048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8292294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9044282,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992766,0.0001384333,0.00001740806,0.00002178813,0.000117235,0.0004285862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949937,0.0009880218,0.0008306005,0.00006734209,0.001041633,0.00207867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002726309,0.0005448373,0.8867328,0.00005784244,0.00005268915,0.00057787,0.02259921,0.001134588,0.0002749608,0.0141513,0.02135203,0.05224919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002772925,0.0001103578,0.9141222,0.0002197328,0.00002470111,0.0001768935,0.06464989,0.0009872386,0.0001743263,0.003032759,0.01644071,0.00003346627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740059,0.0007717606,0.00003091774,0.00963789,0.00004603308,0.00001004048,0.0001192696,0.000003173606,0.01537508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993875,0.0008086369,0.00002463628,0.000786259,0.00002026678,0.000005267163,0.00006598433,0.000002716697,0.004411206],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1707706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3435526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01083547797932307,"score_gpt":0.288752258794495,"score_spread":0.277916780815172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}