{"id":"W3125879966","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3225043","title":"Life Below Zero: Bank Lending Under Negative Policy Rates","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Monetary economics; Financial system; Business; Bank rate; Financial stability; Interest rate; Zero lower bound; Economics; Monetary policy; Central bank","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002232542,0.0002930748,0.0007496421,0.000626745,0.0007743259,0.002949179,0.0006315088,0.002000615,0.005433284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01691758,0.0002480541,0.0002728702,0.0004751599,0.002532024,0.00271821,0.001107649,0.002804176,0.000375578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007018081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007146053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002286559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001359453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994591,0.0002219463,0.00002087541,0.0001019844,0.00004338237,0.0001527261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943041,0.003457758,0.00101606,0.0001605644,0.0002650961,0.0007963012],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006847637,0.001214224,0.1259225,0.0008094842,0.000208534,0.008272002,0.005650033,0.05647527,0.007575022,0.6850515,0.03830604,0.06366783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002569078,0.0004122045,0.0375977,0.0001103321,0.0001852882,0.001670221,0.003757108,0.08632642,0.001623553,0.8648497,0.003109503,0.0001011256],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765689,0.0007876108,0.005754041,0.007758893,0.0001409194,0.00000999582,0.0003047472,0.0000901435,0.008584704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981165,0.000188822,0.0001597872,0.000190163,0.00007876331,0.000004967262,0.0000871448,0.00002041491,0.001153613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005433284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0181762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02447775626952295,"score_gpt":0.2674622381033984,"score_spread":0.2429844818338754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}