{"id":"W3125884692","doi":"","title":"State Dependence in Canadian Welfare Participation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spurious relationship; Generosity; Welfare; Probit model; Economics; Probit; Demographic economics; Welfare state; Ordered probit; Survey data collection; Econometrics; Labour economics; Political science; Politics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003554107,0.0002214698,0.000347065,0.000784678,0.0004508231,0.0002574075,0.0007885252,0.0005292686,0.00008058087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005608069,0.0002821439,0.00008194544,0.0003159246,0.000383815,0.0001518142,0.0002869362,0.001413862,0.00001528044],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004806162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004514672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8394585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9960937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959858,0.0006333395,0.0005659636,0.0007594089,0.0004034716,0.001652031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984369,0.0002025136,0.000123243,0.0005666811,0.0001666765,0.000504034],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001704478,0.00009294093,0.8519214,0.00006349034,0.00001949887,0.00009675679,0.009647569,0.05810792,0.000002795758,0.004245317,0.00004556962,0.07573973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003437815,0.00002655365,0.9178327,0.00009861513,0.000004616884,5.2644e-7,0.007616859,0.01429726,0.000002610531,0.00714456,0.05207827,0.0005536352],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8070638,0.00007166187,0.000002399372,0.0009980936,0.000472213,0.0006503394,0.0001203612,0.00002543856,0.1905957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926938,0.004213663,0.0001808371,0.00006788191,0.0001387722,0.0001818634,0.0001011504,0.0000348229,0.002387204],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1882085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999963,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03827047680608512,"score_gpt":0.3427748831406783,"score_spread":0.3045044063345931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}