{"id":"W3126650522","doi":"10.2147/copd.s285338","title":"The Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the Heterogeneity of Risk Factors in the Canadian Population: Results from the Canadian Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of COPD","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto General Hospital; University of Toronto; Dalhousie University; University of Saskatchewan; Université Laval; Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec; University of Calgary; Vancouver General Hospital; McGill University Health Centre; University of Ottawa; Queen's University; St. Paul's Hospital; Ottawa Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"McGill University; University of Toronto; Dalhousie University; University of Ottawa; Queen's University; Johns Hopkins University; Kaiser Permanente","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Pulmonary disease; Obstructive lung disease; Population; Internal medicine; Lung; Disease; Lung disease; Intensive care medicine; Physical therapy; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001151851,0.0002402388,0.000362604,0.000199503,0.0005052605,0.0001311085,0.00104996,0.00006271059,0.00008199713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029119,0.0001252688,0.0002741942,0.0003600693,0.0008534117,0.0002449981,0.0001581648,0.0007560693,9.933317e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001957237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005000823,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5236175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8151609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9955435,0.001152443,0.0009065631,0.0003454413,0.001694981,0.0003570885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945297,0.002098588,0.000718081,0.0006680812,0.001387391,0.0005981108],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003268154,0.0002056307,0.9894016,0.00005570152,0.0006351631,0.001076996,0.002193274,0.0004903337,0.000009184557,0.0008117791,0.00008272338,0.0017694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002651807,0.00004743771,0.9899725,0.0002271635,0.0004498793,0.00005029936,0.002636515,0.001582603,0.00002962136,0.0020077,0.0002360111,0.0001084656],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9807541,0.008610151,0.000002856771,0.005883492,0.0005504115,0.0009720571,0.003057337,0.000002747374,0.0001668675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988075,0.0004949606,0.00001050865,0.0001079228,0.0004132187,0.00002460654,0.00006607221,0.00002026067,0.00005492324],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2915434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8871246,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01837309606791989,"score_gpt":0.3000484499898714,"score_spread":0.2816753539219515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}