{"id":"W3126845753","doi":"10.1126/science.abc1893","title":"A massive stellar bulge in a regularly rotating galaxy 1.2 billion years after the Big Bang","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institutes of Natural Sciences; Science and Technology Facilities Council; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; University of Toronto; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; National Radio Astronomy Observatory; Space Telescope Science Institute; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bulge; Galaxy; Billion years; Universe; Redshift; Galaxy formation and evolution; Galaxy merger; Interacting galaxy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007418545,0.0001531623,0.0001635105,0.0004411816,0.0003513584,0.0005109622,0.0002010799,0.0003845092,0.0008741036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003092914,0.0001659663,0.000161952,0.0003941529,0.0004020965,0.0002795335,0.0003415501,0.0003752747,0.0002346279],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000350825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008945513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003714483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005786531,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999725,0.000002327403,0.000001233524,0.000008894646,0.000004982791,0.00001005964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998158,0.0000164671,0.0000863305,0.0000159417,0.00001470293,0.00005092027],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004409958,0.00008706348,0.8911149,0.00009043521,0.0001189454,0.001740042,0.001067964,0.0009202039,0.08047114,0.001700002,0.00209666,0.02015172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000441948,0.00003657132,0.9971264,0.000006925653,0.00001620765,0.0004093685,0.00009056833,0.0001940432,0.0009936638,0.0001922977,0.0009255417,0.000004013558],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978849,0.0003065206,0.0001673493,0.00007346904,0.000006569999,0.000002548083,0.0001781784,0.00005401615,0.001326334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991491,0.00009813478,0.0001925519,0.00004069508,0.0000121281,0.00000160184,0.0002104157,0.000004448755,0.0002909402],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003714483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007385731,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00784084927995079,"score_gpt":0.2100548691111064,"score_spread":0.2022140198311556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}