{"id":"W3127107429","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105405","title":"COVID-19 and small enterprises in the food supply chain: Early impacts and implications for longer-term food system resilience in low- and middle-income countries","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Development","topic":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Global Affairs Canada; Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken; Irish Aid","keywords":"Business; Pandemic; Food security; Supply chain; Staffing; Production (economics); Psychological resilience; Sustainability; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Agricultural economics; Economics; Marketing; Geography; Agriculture","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001140823,0.0002595445,0.0002151737,0.001007057,0.0007051895,0.0016132,0.0003299897,0.0004017917,0.002745603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002978364,0.0001961355,0.000352421,0.001844557,0.001406212,0.001935008,0.002160116,0.0007844061,0.0001872762],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001647142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001251566,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0275668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04457281,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991983,0.0002125151,0.00005482615,0.0000933832,0.00009298933,0.0003479776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969274,0.0007933101,0.001240919,0.0001271251,0.0003222943,0.0005888292],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001066054,0.00007006173,0.9802728,0.0001041252,0.00003882135,0.00101034,0.003828721,0.0006732193,0.0003492257,0.0008983823,0.0005937571,0.01205397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001851999,0.00008543235,0.9794495,0.00009653427,0.00001253518,0.0001059145,0.0177276,0.0004482303,0.0001405958,0.0003586982,0.001563596,0.000009536609],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967498,0.0004794062,0.0001532765,0.0005617316,0.0000089098,0.00001420673,0.0002096671,0.000002225474,0.001820869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990677,0.0003159197,0.00009133523,0.00006509853,0.000006981107,0.000007356092,0.0001185581,0.000001099306,0.0003260214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0275668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05481267,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04671667916998838,"score_gpt":0.2602366810385581,"score_spread":0.2135200018685697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}