{"id":"W3127479972","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116694","title":"Characteristics of heat fluxes of an oil pipeline armed with thermosyphons in permafrost regions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Thermal Engineering","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Permafrost; Heat flux; Thermosiphon; Thermal conductivity; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental science; Thermal insulation; Heat transfer; Thermal conduction; Materials science; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Composite material; Mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001361047,0.0002158201,0.0002502965,0.0005709804,0.0004553552,0.0003934857,0.0002285659,0.0003945263,0.001465192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003178319,0.0001525135,0.0003059192,0.0005305545,0.0003921674,0.0003834093,0.0001855098,0.0002373894,0.0001636929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003580753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000180734,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004021485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002617428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999236,0.000007575607,0.000004249482,0.00002390668,0.00001653505,0.00002412048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996895,0.0001452493,0.00005426629,0.0000140965,0.00005611985,0.00004091838],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005325332,0.0003937025,0.371732,0.0001880826,0.0001427621,0.003043993,0.001067457,0.09973186,0.4957343,0.001393705,0.001063951,0.02018281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000420598,0.0006044271,0.8646003,0.00001717317,0.0000454023,0.0003966403,0.0008480309,0.06775504,0.06429467,0.0002987846,0.001045865,0.00005157015],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985563,0.00001938364,0.0003092493,0.00001159342,0.00000220508,0.000002990777,0.0001622252,0.00002266463,0.0009133128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994635,0.0000103861,0.00008242227,0.00000213229,0.000001544402,0.000002128375,0.0001267843,0.00000464602,0.0003064763],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004021485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007996202,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01295067066380982,"score_gpt":0.19090340534414,"score_spread":0.1779527346803302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}