{"id":"W3128006609","doi":"10.1177/1065912921990751","title":"Closest to the People? Incumbency Advantage and the Personal Vote in Non-Partisan Elections","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Research Quarterly","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Calgary","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dominance (genetics); Affect (linguistics); Persistence (discontinuity); Political science; Contingent vote; Survey data collection; Natural experiment; Political economy; Economics; Demographic economics; General election; Psychology; Politics; Group voting ticket; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00182376,0.00008940064,0.0003753499,0.0003932545,0.0008310878,0.001240206,0.0002136275,0.0004593112,0.006612173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007234979,0.0001113911,0.0001717046,0.0004416455,0.001090924,0.0005870216,0.0006919423,0.0005246751,0.0006259251],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002888481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001751119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002303823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005420217,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991823,0.0003990535,0.00002689724,0.0001335948,0.00007946286,0.0001786887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9929928,0.003175236,0.001878398,0.0006387769,0.0002729361,0.00104187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00131372,0.0006940857,0.9536543,0.00008317522,0.0001754171,0.0002371026,0.003741748,0.001240965,0.002742213,0.008667156,0.001304056,0.0261462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003714987,0.0002881516,0.9904668,0.000009836039,0.00002952933,0.0001053912,0.003303637,0.0009125171,0.0003472718,0.002602378,0.001883962,0.00001331408],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968243,0.00003110818,0.00008764468,0.0001445167,0.000005060022,0.000002783257,0.00002197753,0.000001911021,0.002880709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996313,0.000009717901,0.00001945619,0.00001995222,0.000004883998,0.000001075015,0.00001366957,9.188137e-7,0.0002990173],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006612173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02211994,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05738659403101184,"score_gpt":0.4501477109484169,"score_spread":0.3927611169174051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}