{"id":"W3128778092","doi":"10.3138/cjcrim.44.1.33","title":"Explaining the American and Canadian crime \"drop\" in the 1990's","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Criminology","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Criminology; Violent crime; Demography; Demographic economics; Political science; Geography; Sociology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006077505,0.0000639867,0.0001341352,0.0003183242,0.000572581,0.0001038956,0.0004322816,0.00003904689,0.001111625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002427203,0.00004293334,0.00006171123,0.0001374061,0.0007793393,0.00009660811,0.000005715803,0.0003065858,0.00001601232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001527368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004506753,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9140752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9907939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988638,0.0003269074,0.000213185,0.00007473127,0.00009518503,0.0004262128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991902,0.0001391177,0.0001235256,0.0001120315,0.00006362045,0.0003714852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008807748,0.00005041116,0.201719,0.000009942929,0.00009927122,0.001671043,0.3139949,0.00001082107,0.00003206965,0.1213241,0.2017341,0.1593455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001743577,0.0001912148,0.3322938,0.00002868306,0.00003557885,0.0003031272,0.07680176,0.00002508834,0.000003607901,0.00155501,0.5884712,0.0001165975],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9310398,0.001107037,0.000009994005,0.03994064,0.0003215761,0.00006124736,0.000006175166,0.000001675765,0.02751192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963842,0.00008972753,0.00001931749,0.003088357,0.0001965412,0.000002180222,2.904068e-7,0.000004861548,0.000214541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.386737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998015,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1595610199965448,"score_gpt":0.3408518178392188,"score_spread":0.181290797842674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}