{"id":"W3129605782","doi":"10.1007/s41781-021-00062-2","title":"Emulating the impact of additional proton–proton interactions in the ATLAS simulation by presampling sets of inelastic Monte Carlo events","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computing and Software for Big Science","topic":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University; Carleton University; TRIUMF; University of Alberta; Université de Montréal; Institute of Particle Physics; University of Victoria; McGill University; University of Toronto","funders":"H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules; European Regional Development Fund; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Social Fund; Royal Society; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; National Research Center \"Kurchatov Institute\"; Israel Science Foundation; Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft; Generalitat de Catalunya; Generalitat Valenciana; Austrian Science Fund; U.S. Department of Energy; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; Institut de Valorisation des Données; European Commission; Leverhulme Trust; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Services Fédéraux des Affaires Scientifiques, Techniques et Culturelles; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; General Secretariat for Research and Technology; National Science Foundation; Compute Canada; TRIUMF; Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (COLCIENCIAS); Canarie; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; CERN; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación","keywords":"Monte Carlo method; Large Hadron Collider; Atlas (anatomy); Physics; Inelastic scattering; Proton; Event (particle physics); Statistical physics; Nuclear physics; Computer science; Scattering; Optics; Statistics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000261007,0.00005728568,0.00008237598,0.00002009546,0.0005728611,0.00001599607,0.000143186,0.000002833224,0.00001061901],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007186303,0.00003521181,0.00004430088,0.0002523257,0.0001697036,0.00005380689,0.0001479799,0.00007397663,9.53773e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002151351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002986289,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002171987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.911273e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994111,0.00003677012,0.0001516831,0.000117434,0.0001555971,0.0001274163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990261,0.0007308834,0.0001053457,0.00006740836,0.00005412185,0.00001617626],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004349457,0.0002602834,0.2424351,0.00002330957,0.00002572375,3.984256e-8,0.005669117,0.7376179,0.00262543,0.0008588568,0.0000497069,0.01039101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003555053,0.0002088057,0.03393781,0.00007092688,0.000009073599,4.555868e-7,0.001721011,0.9461736,0.00444135,0.01294614,0.00003965301,0.00009567809],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905721,0.00001679574,0.008679818,0.00001564207,0.0000364368,0.0004401607,0.0002132532,0.000004378815,0.00002139127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996669,6.050281e-8,0.0001655713,0.000002730357,0.00002792777,0.0001200466,0.00001293601,0.000002585775,0.000001284135],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2085557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4406043,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03163772604268926,"score_gpt":0.3562661584029578,"score_spread":0.3246284323602686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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