{"id":"W3130181724","doi":"10.1215/00703370-8977691","title":"Pain Trends Among American Adults, 2002–2018: Patterns, Disparities, and Correlates","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Demography","topic":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","field":"Medicine","cited_by":224,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University; Western University","funders":"National Institute on Aging","keywords":"Socioeconomic status; National Health Interview Survey; Medicine; Population; Health equity; Chronic pain; Fibromyalgia; Demography; Neck pain; Gerontology; Public health; Psychiatry; Environmental health; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002549583,0.0001468588,0.0002678072,0.0002163797,0.00006976916,0.00002339305,0.0000345597,0.00006979708,0.0002678027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001331497,0.0001231304,0.0001860263,0.0006160229,0.0003017464,0.00005918595,0.00002302558,0.000175439,0.000004574858],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000105146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001384483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003475916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002697422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989046,0.0001728708,0.0002135055,0.0003035824,0.0001807754,0.000224592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992518,0.0001965848,0.00006554028,0.0002419384,0.00006107089,0.0001830386],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002839822,0.000097517,0.8665597,0.0002953879,0.0000625676,0.00001408739,0.00015489,2.965771e-7,0.00009646866,0.0000732359,0.003808252,0.1288092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006298356,0.0003051042,0.9931979,0.0002940236,0.00004939076,0.00000637409,0.001000667,0.0004012476,0.00001872612,0.00004769819,0.003900149,0.0001488592],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937781,0.002045343,0.0004209513,0.001710405,0.0001338682,0.0001156938,0.00002018598,0.00008085177,0.001694582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967824,0.0005397687,0.0005746698,0.0007769348,0.00009137607,0.00002285022,0.0001679899,0.00002038048,0.001023587],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1286603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5021114,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004095196166102322,"score_gpt":0.2232346145587238,"score_spread":0.2191394183926215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}