{"id":"W3131633532","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3773605","title":"Identity During a Pandemic: COVID-19 and Ethnic Divisions in the United States","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Ethnic group; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Identity (music); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Political science; Genealogy; Geography; History; Virology; Medicine; Law; Outbreak; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001176167,0.0001511079,0.0002182187,0.001038604,0.004428416,0.002833955,0.0007281559,0.00107961,0.003227503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003183184,0.0001695968,0.0003020364,0.001513269,0.001575592,0.002195446,0.004183883,0.002236543,0.0002460156],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002117252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003652438,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1567736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2541007,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991035,0.0002590382,0.00006058371,0.00006469461,0.00008070486,0.0004313606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968182,0.0002706714,0.001025148,0.00009541849,0.0003350493,0.001455454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002170963,0.0002735901,0.9350824,0.00002781338,0.0000398577,0.0003107049,0.05053828,0.00007948331,0.0001841241,0.001264686,0.002843205,0.009138815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005032927,0.00005912796,0.7632831,0.00007807721,0.00001063867,0.00007176591,0.2335765,0.0001050189,0.00006161384,0.0002316868,0.00250202,0.00001534038],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954349,0.0001808378,0.00001782809,0.001781195,0.00004423572,0.000009702455,0.0001345906,0.000001002942,0.002395774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99886,0.0001878282,0.00001281213,0.0003279205,0.00001900485,0.000007341704,0.0001128696,0.00000156156,0.0004706891],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1567736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3117221,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0565521340315862,"score_gpt":0.367772084911309,"score_spread":0.3112199508797228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}