{"id":"W3132489783","doi":"10.5539/hes.v11n1p160","title":"Motivational Factors for Learning English as a Second Language Acquisition in Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Higher Education Studies","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Psychology; Nationality; Association (psychology); Language barrier; Social psychology; First language; Demography; Medicine; Sociology; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001000994,0.0001886396,0.0002377377,0.0008239104,0.004982123,0.002006522,0.0005588609,0.0003012142,0.002881758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002977905,0.0001901033,0.0003438239,0.0009950688,0.001104361,0.0003759043,0.001193417,0.0008803612,0.0001379375],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01947659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0546643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9744155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.990285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992299,0.00007319674,0.00003179119,0.00005627329,0.0003317186,0.0002770436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975758,0.0002395283,0.0003250575,0.00003085748,0.0008119469,0.001016786],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006477428,0.0002904782,0.9357274,0.00009005445,0.00002813064,0.0002857043,0.04147398,0.0001004441,0.0006209087,0.001140236,0.002555015,0.01762287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004809527,0.00003857451,0.9436534,0.00008273312,0.00001020943,0.00005552929,0.05174848,0.0002633173,0.00009508829,0.00008167308,0.003943641,0.00002251583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952002,0.0001589279,0.00003723081,0.0006030367,0.000009507912,0.00004231879,0.0001231153,0.000003199703,0.003822521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974625,0.0002610677,0.0001409274,0.0001242985,0.000002686051,0.00001795356,0.0001081057,0.000002364917,0.001880046],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02558446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1413133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06305587447687995,"score_gpt":0.4443842479603784,"score_spread":0.3813283734834985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}