{"id":"W3134156817","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1218","title":"Causal Effects of Lifetime Smoking on Breast and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Mendelian Randomization Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","topic":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute on Aging; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre; Medicinska fakulteten, Umeå Universitet; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; National Human Genome Research Institute; Cancer Council Victoria; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; National Health and Medical Research Council; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; World Cancer Research Fund; Medical Research Council; Xunta de Galicia; School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Deutsche Krebshilfe; U.S. Public Health Service; Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro; Chonnam National University; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Umeå Universitet; Vetenskapsrådet; Key Clinical Research Program of Southwest Hospital; Stockholms Läns Landsting; Cancer Research Foundation in Northern Sweden; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Karolinska Institutet; Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Cancerfonden; National Cancer Institute; Fundación Científica Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer; University of South Florida; Swedish Cancer Foundation; Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca; National Institute for Health and Care Research; World Health Organization; Cancer Research UK; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre; Génome Québec; Imperial College London; Generalitat de Catalunya; Food Standards Agency; Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute; National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Florida Department of Health; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital; Pelotonia; Moffitt Cancer Center; McGill University; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Institut Gustave-Roussy; Ligue Contre le Cancer; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum; Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","keywords":"Mendelian randomization; Medicine; Breast cancer; Colorectal cancer; Internal medicine; Oncology; Confidence interval; Estrogen receptor; Cancer; Gynecology; Genotype; Genetics; Genetic variants; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.04297573,0.001378244,0.001782413,0.001280352,0.0006534863,0.001212806,0.001652849,0.001703273,0.003838647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1023185,0.0009178958,0.003846967,0.001608464,0.001349482,0.0008690328,0.0008383963,0.001124887,0.000297182],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006143563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001051902,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003131952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001350465,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9323415,0.05594498,0.002348149,0.006145198,0.002555581,0.0006647025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9215587,0.052718,0.009212512,0.01422164,0.001689226,0.0005999293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.06929367,0.001195186,0.7362586,0.001818207,0.07414103,0.004011567,0.001146876,0.01020829,0.006877543,0.02597157,0.005126431,0.06395118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04195178,0.01657318,0.4726309,0.001018562,0.09338026,0.01949921,0.0005478249,0.2419209,0.007122257,0.08980071,0.0148569,0.000697575],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8306143,0.005669403,0.1560121,0.001116062,0.0004102829,0.001551189,0.001625591,0.000669916,0.002331018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9781449,0.0004385932,0.01960017,0.0002681161,0.00008777888,0.000590249,0.0004182679,0.00005110385,0.0004007915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04297573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2272801,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01253126779004954,"score_gpt":0.3149794165853183,"score_spread":0.3024481487952687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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