{"id":"W3135332239","doi":"10.51845/34s.1.18","title":"Citations and Gamed Metrics: Academic Integrity Lost","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Academic Questions","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Academic integrity; Currency; Incentive; Higher education; Analytics; Citation; Citation analysis; Sociology; Political science; Social science; Library science; Economics; Data science; Computer science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0463916,0.00109057,0.002146148,0.006195799,0.004354623,0.02438769,0.003174487,0.005715088,0.01562026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2465447,0.0008571857,0.001008925,0.007275946,0.02699959,0.0340681,0.01188738,0.007992863,0.003829353],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008137114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007379069,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005255378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003715884,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9553975,0.02414614,0.002172818,0.003739551,0.01291732,0.001626608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8123672,0.1130211,0.0136772,0.0268907,0.02610297,0.007940709],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005032539,0.00002310474,0.001044387,0.00005913087,0.00003324653,0.0000280789,0.0004747157,0.001129261,0.00009266598,0.9607167,0.008196398,0.02815199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001818061,0.00002396179,0.0004011265,0.00006899499,0.000008861155,0.00004024182,0.0002110202,0.003309819,0.0001201112,0.9803437,0.01543013,0.00002380613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06874332,0.02038149,0.2311343,0.3061995,0.004955904,0.0002764429,0.000913704,0.0009833642,0.366412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8967152,0.003565536,0.03304989,0.01038678,0.002459829,0.0002802316,0.0002126947,0.0006501391,0.05267986],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9942849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2453451,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6089707887367589,"score_gpt":0.6080250362803373,"score_spread":0.0009457524564215891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}