{"id":"W3136439543","doi":"10.1080/15614263.2021.1900849","title":"Examining the impact of uniform manipulations on perceptions of police officers among Canadian university students","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Police Practice and Research","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Officer; Helpfulness; Perception; Psychology; Social psychology; Duty; Legitimacy; Applied psychology; Public relations; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002241546,0.00007283911,0.0001165166,0.0003372685,0.00168325,0.0001096961,0.0003248133,0.0000971214,0.00039737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007984472,0.00006021085,0.00006182413,0.00114901,0.0006406142,0.0006074075,0.000109461,0.0004687854,0.00002304284],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003316209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001981556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9943582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9517749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974118,0.001240153,0.000145901,0.0001633581,0.0006239724,0.0004147982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960212,0.002623864,0.0001183359,0.0002794226,0.0006519986,0.0003052243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009405492,0.0004886803,0.3764212,0.00002736839,0.0002887412,0.000006748573,0.59659,0.0007621419,0.0007619336,0.01948884,0.002963228,0.002106982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001242106,0.00008515624,0.6382401,0.00002506518,0.00003777111,0.000003599543,0.3531877,0.00004132757,0.000005979323,0.00001619924,0.008179002,0.00005387302],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8367113,0.000008026991,0.000002699855,0.002860298,0.00002802953,0.0001478062,0.00004375909,0.000006661478,0.1601914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948776,0.0009974713,0.0000554812,0.00006724851,0.000107056,0.000001621519,0.000006585893,0.00000736542,0.003879505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2618189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996164,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1846967102801828,"score_gpt":0.493712183460306,"score_spread":0.3090154731801233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}