{"id":"W3136574136","doi":"10.18280/jesa.540120","title":"A New Improved Variable Step Size MPPT Method for Photovoltaic Systems Using Grey Wolf and Whale Optimization Technique Based PID Controller","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés","topic":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Control theory (sociology); PID controller; Overshoot (microwave communication); Maximum power point tracking; Duty cycle; Ripple; Computer science; Pulse-width modulation; Controller (irrigation); Engineering; Control engineering; Inverter; Voltage; Control (management); Temperature control","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002258792,0.0006154848,0.001243474,0.0004014906,0.0006529642,0.001199503,0.0003851651,0.0004262425,0.0003120959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002116255,0.0005865816,0.0002887544,0.0009177903,0.00006578976,0.0008405062,0.0001260781,0.0003913325,0.000003601493],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007223226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001050638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001822326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004660515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948552,0.001384937,0.001712447,0.0007211711,0.0005725315,0.0007537664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947541,0.001154772,0.001351211,0.0005735474,0.001688645,0.0004776613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002228152,0.000129274,0.0001208224,0.0009770007,0.0004587918,0.00008375999,0.0002061946,0.4173141,0.5627156,0.001265582,0.002508743,0.01399722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003152187,0.0002193044,0.0001380235,0.001233876,0.0002773596,0.002299798,0.0001469867,0.9440781,0.04325864,0.0008365243,0.003759251,0.0005999267],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004542342,0.002149231,0.9927251,0.00004176887,0.0005623098,0.002192143,0.00005557877,0.0008248244,0.0009948412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0239072,0.0001338091,0.9723819,0.0002559396,0.0003786744,0.0003882626,0.00002503133,0.0002500328,0.002279129],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.526764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01784606589667977,"score_gpt":0.2698965642385541,"score_spread":0.2520504983418743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}